Fear, pleasure, sorrow, thought and violence are all interrelated. Most of us take pleasure in violence, in disliking somebody, hating a particular race or group of people, having antagonistic feelings towards others. But in a state of mind in which all violence has come to an end there is a joy which is very different from the pleasure of violence with its conflicts, hatreds and fears.

恐惧、快乐、悲伤、思想和暴力都是相互关联的。 我们很多人在暴力中取乐， 在不喜欢某人、憎恨某个特定种族或人群、 在反对他人的情绪中取乐。 却不知，在终结了所有暴力的头脑状态中， 有一种喜悦，它完全不同于带有冲突、仇恨和恐惧的暴力之乐。

Can we go to the very root of violence and be free from it? Otherwise we shall live everlastingly in battle with each other. If that is the way you want to live - and apparently most people do - then carry on; if you say, `Well, I'm sorry, violence can never end`, then you and I have no means of communication, you have blocked yourself. But if you say there might be a different way of living, then we shall be able to communicate with each other.

我们能深入暴力的根源解散它吗？ 否则我们将永远活在彼此的争斗中。 如果那就是你想要的生活方式 —— 显然很多人如此 —— 那就继续吧；如果你说：“唉，很抱歉，暴力永远无法结束”， 那么你我就无法沟通了，你已经把自己封闭了。 但如果你说可能有一种不同的生活方式， 那么我们就能相互沟通。

So let us consider together, those of us who can communicate, whether it is at all possible totally to end every form of violence in ourselves, and still live in this monstrously brutal world.

所以，让我们这些能沟通的人一起来考虑， 能否彻底结束我们自己内心的每一种暴力， 并且依然活在这个极其残暴的世界里。

I think it is possible. I don't want to have a breath of hate, jealousy, anxiety or fear in me. I want to live completely at peace. Which doesn't mean that I want to die. I want to live on this marvellous earth, so full, so rich, so beautiful. I want to look at the trees, flowers, rivers, meadows, women, boys and girls. And at the same time, live completely at peace with myself and with the world. What can I do?

我认为这是可能的。 我不想自己的身上有丝毫的仇恨、嫉妒、焦虑或恐惧。 我想完全地和平生活。这并不意味着我想死。 我想活在这个奇妙的、如此充盈、富饶、美丽的地球上。 我想看树木、花朵、河流、草地、女人、男孩和女孩。 同时，与我自身和这个世界完全地和平相处。 我能做什么？

If we know how to look at violence, not only outwardly in society - the wars, the riots, the national antagonisms and class conflicts - but also in ourselves, then perhaps we shall be able to go beyond it.

如果我们知道如何审视暴力， 不仅是社会中的 —— 战争、骚乱、国家对立和阶级冲突 —— 也包括我们内在的， 那么也许我们就能超越它。

Here is a very complex problem. For centuries upon centuries man has been violent. Religions have tried to tame him throughout the world, and none of them have succeeded.

这个问题很复杂。 多个世纪以来，人类一直是暴力的。 世界各地的宗教都试图驯服人类，但没有一个成功。

So if we are going into the question we must, it seems to me, be at least very serious about it, because it will lead us into quite a different domain. But if we want merely to play with the problem for intellectual entertainment, we shall not get very far.

所以，在我看来，如果我们打算深入这个问题， 至少必须非常严肃地对待它， 因为它将把我们带入一个完全不同的领域。 但如果我们只想把这个问题当作智力娱乐来玩弄， 我们就不会走得太远。

You may feel that you yourself are very serious about the problem, but that as long as so many other people in the world are not serious and are not prepared to do anything about it, what is the good of your doing anything?

你可能会觉得自己对这个问题很严肃， 然而，要是世界上那么多人都不严肃，都没准备为此做些什么， 那你所做的一切又有何用？

I don't care whether they take it seriously or not. I take it seriously, that is enough. I am not my brother's keeper.

我不在乎他们是否严肃对待。 我严肃对待，这就够了。 我不是我兄弟的守护者。

I myself, as a human being, feel very strongly about this question of violence, and I will see to it that in myself I am not violent. But I cannot tell you or anybody else, `Don't be violent`. It has no meaning, unless you yourself want it. So if you yourself really want to understand this problem of violence let us continue on our journey of exploration together.

我自己，作为一个人类，对这个暴力问题感受非常强烈， 我会确保我自己内心没有暴力。但我不能告诉你或他人“不要暴力”。 这毫无意义，除非你自己想要。 所以，如果你真地想理解暴力， 就让我们一起继续探索吧。

Is this problem of violence out there or here? Do you want to solve the problem in the outside world? Or are you questioning violence itself as it is in you? If you are free of violence in yourself, the question is, `How am I to live in a world full of violence, acquisitiveness, greed, envy, brutality? Will I not be destroyed?` That is the inevitable question which is invariably asked.

暴力问题是在外面还是在这里？ 你是想解决外部世界的问题， 还是在质疑暴力含藏于你的内在？ 如果你内在摆脱了暴力，问题来了： “我该如何活在一个充满暴力、贪婪、嫉妒、残酷的世界里？我会被毁灭吗？” 这是个总会被提出的、必然的问题。

When you ask such a question, it seems to me, you are not actually living peacefully. If you live peacefully, you will have no problem at all. You may be imprisoned, because you refuse to join the army or shot because you refuse to fight. But that is not a problem, you will be shot, it is extraordinarily important to understand this.

在我看来，问这样的问题，就说明你没有和平地生活。 如果你和平地生活，你根本不会有问题。 你可能会因为拒绝参军而被监禁，或者因为拒绝打仗而被枪杀。 但那不是问题，你将被枪杀，理解这一点极其重要。

We are trying to understand violence as a fact, not as an idea, as a fact which exists in the human being. And the human being is myself.

我们试图去理解暴力， 暴力不是作为一个想法，而是作为一个存在于人类中的事实。 人类就是我自己。

And to go into the problem I must be completely vulnerable, open to it. I must expose myself to myself, not necessarily expose myself to you, because you may not be interested. But I must be in a state of mind that demands to see this thing right to the end, and at no point stops and says I will go no further.

要深入这个问题，我必须完全不设防，对它敞开。 我必须向我自己暴露我自己， 不一定向着你暴露，因为你可能不感兴趣。 但我必须处于一种头脑状态，要求把这个东西一看到底， 在任何地儿都不停，永不说我不能再走了。

Now it must be obvious to me that I am a violent human being. I have experienced violence in anger, violence in my sexual demands, violence in hatred, creating enmity, violence in jealousy and so on.

现在，我必定清楚我是个暴力的人类。 在愤怒，在对性爱的要求中，在仇恨、制造敌意、嫉妒等各种情景中，我体验过暴力。

I have experienced it, I have known it, and I say to myself, `I want to understand this whole problem, not just one fragment of it expressed in war, but this aggression in man which also exists in the animals and of which I am a part.`

我体验过它，我知道它，我对自己说： “我想理解整个问题，不只是在战争中表现出的那一小块儿， 还包括人类身上的这种攻击性，动物身上也有，我是其中的一份子。”

Violence is not merely killing another. It is violence when we use a sharp word, when we make a gesture to brush away a person, when we obey because there is fear.

暴力不仅仅是杀人。 当我们使用尖锐的言词时，当我们用手势推开一个人时， 当我们因恐惧而服从时，就有暴力。

So violence isn't merely organized butchery in the name of God, in the name of society or country. Violence is much more subtle, much deeper, and we are inquiring into the very depths of violence.

所以暴力不仅仅是以上帝的名义、以社会或国家的名义进行的有组织的屠杀。 暴力要微妙得多、深刻得多，而我们在探究暴力的最深处。

When you call yourself an Indian or a Muslim or a Christian or a European, or anything else, you are being violent. Do you see why it is violent? Because you are separating yourself from the rest of mankind. When you separate yourself by belief, by nationality, by tradition, it breeds violence.

当你称自己是中国人、穆斯林、佛教徒、欧洲人或任何其他身份时， 你是暴力的。 你明白为什么吗？ 因为你在把你自己从余下的人类中分开。 一旦你通过信仰、国籍、传统把你自己分开，暴力发生了。

So a man who is seeking to understand violence, does not belong to any country, to any religion, to any political party or partial system. He is concerned with the total understanding of mankind.

所以，一个寻求理解暴力的人， 不属于任何国家、任何宗教、任何政党或任何片面的体系。 他关心的是对人类的整体理解。

Now there are two primary schools of thought with regard to violence, one which says `Violence is innate in man`, and the other which says `Violence is the result of the social and cultural heritage in which man lives.'

关于暴力，有两种主要思想流派， 一种说“暴力是人与生俱来的”， 另一种说“暴力是人类所处的社会和文化传统的产物。”

We are not concerned with which school we belong to, it is of no importance. What is important is the fact that we are violent, not the reason for it.

我们不关心我们属于哪个流派，那不重要。 重要的是我们暴力这一事实，而不是暴力的原因。

One of the most common expressions of violence is anger. When my wife or sister is attacked, I say I am righteously angry. When my country is attacked, my ideas, my principles, my way of life, I am righteously angry. I am also angry when my habits are attacked or my petty little opinions. When you tread on my toes or insult me I get angry, or if you run away with my wife and I get jealous, that jealousy is called righteous, because she is my property.

暴力最常见的一种表现形式是愤怒。 当我的妻子或姐妹受到攻击时，我说我义愤填膺。 当我的国家、我的想法、我的原则、我的生活方式受到攻击时，我义愤。 当我的习惯或微不足道的观点受到攻击时，我也愤怒。 当你踩到我的脚或侮辱我时，我愤怒， 或者如果你拐走了我的妻子，我嫉妒， 那种嫉妒被称为正当的，因为她是我的。

And all this anger is morally justified. But to kill for my country is also justified. So when we are talking about anger, which is a part of violence, do we look at anger in terms of righteous and unrighteous anger according to our own inclinations and environmental drive, or do we see only anger?

所有这些愤怒在道德上都是正当的。 但为了我的国家杀人也同样是正当的。 所以当我们谈论愤怒（暴力的一部分）时， 我们是根据自己的倾向和环境的驱使来看愤怒的正不正当呢， 还是只看愤怒本身？

Is there righteous anger ever? Or is there only anger? There is no good influence or bad influence, only influence, but when you are influenced by something which doesn't suit me, I call it an evil influence.

到底有没有正当的愤怒？或者只有愤怒？ 影响没有好坏，只有影响， 但是，当你受到某种令我感到不适的东西影响时，我称之为坏影响。

The moment you protect your family, your country, a bit of coloured rag called a flag, a belief, an idea, a dogma, the thing that you demand or that you hold, that very protection indicates anger.

当你保护你的家庭、你的国家、一块被称为旗帜的彩色破布、 一种信仰、一个想法、一条准则、一个你所要求或坚持的东西时， 那种保护行为，即是愤怒的化身。

So can you look at anger without any explanation or justification, without saying `I must protect my goods', or `I was right to be angry', or `How stupid of me to be angry'?

那么，你在看愤怒时，能不作任何解释或辩护， 不说“我必须保护我的财产”，或“我愤怒是对的”，或“愤怒的我太愚蠢了”吗？

Can you look at anger as if it were something by itself? Can you look at it completely objectively, which means neither defending it nor condemning it? Can you?

你能把愤怒看作某个独立的东西吗？ 你能完全客观地看它，既不辩护又不谴责吗？ 你能吗？

Can I look at you if I am antagonistic to you or if I am thinking what a marvellous person you are? I can see you only when I look at you with a certain care in which neither of these things is involved.

如果我与你对立，或者把你看成一个了不起的人，我能看见你吗？ 我只有打消念头，带着一种关切看你，我才能见到你。

Now, can I look at anger in the same way? - which means that I am vulnerable to the problem, I do not resist it, I am watching this extraordinary phenomenon without any reaction to it.

那么，我能以同样的方式看愤怒吗？ —— 这意味着我对这个问题不设防，不抗拒， 我观察这个非凡的现象，对它不作任何反应。

It is very difficult to look at anger dispassionately, because it is a part of me, but that is what I am trying to do.

冷静地看愤怒是非常困难的， 因为它是我的一部分，然而我正在那样尝试。

Here I am, a violent human being, whether I am black, brown, white or purple. I am not concerned with whether I have inherited this violence or whether society has produced it in me, all I am concerned with is whether it is at all possible to be free from it.

我在这里，一个暴力的人，无论我是黑人、棕人、白人或紫人。 我不关心这种暴力是遗传，还是从社会中沾染的， 我只关心是否能解散它。

To be free from violence means everything to me. It is more important to me than sex, food, position, for this thing is corrupting me. It is destroying me and destroying the world, and I want to understand it, I want to be beyond it. I feel responsible for all this anger and violence in the world.

解散暴力对我来说意味着一切。 对我来说，它比性、食物、地位更重要，因为这东西正在腐蚀我。 它在毁灭我，也在毁灭世界，我想理解它，想超越它。 我感到对世界上的一切愤怒和暴力负有责任。

I feel responsible, it isn't just a lot of words. And I say to myself, `I can do something only if I am beyond anger myself, beyond violence, beyond nationality'. And this feeling I have that I must understand the violence in myself, brings tremendous vitality and passion to find out.

我感到这种重任，而不仅仅是空话。 我对自己说：“只有当我超越愤怒、暴力、国籍，我才能有所作为。” 这种必须理解自己内在暴力的感觉，带给我巨大的活力和探索的激情。

But to be beyond violence I cannot suppress it, I cannot deny it, I cannot say, `Well, it is a part of me and that's that`, or `I don't want it`. I have to look at it. I have to study it. I must become very intimate with it.

但要超越暴力，我不能压制它，不能拒绝它，不能说： “算了，它是我的一部分，就这样吧”，或者“我不想要它”。 我必须看着它。必须研究它。必须与它非常亲密。

And I cannot become intimate with it if I condemn it or justify it. We do condemn it though, we do justify it. Therefore I am saying, stop for the time being condemning it or justifying it.

如果我对它谴责或辩护，我就无法靠近它。 但我们确实谴责它，确实为它辩护。 因此我说，立刻停止对它的谴责或辩护。

Now, if you want to stop violence, if you want to stop wars, how much vitality, how much of yourself, do you give to it?

那么，如果你想停止暴力，如果你想停止战争， 你要付出多少精力、多少心血？

Isn't it important to you that your children are killed, that your sons go into the army where they are bullied and butchered? Don't you care? My God, if that doesn't interest you, what does? Guarding your money? Having a good time? Taking drugs? Don't you see that this violence in yourself is destroying your children? Or do you see it only as some abstraction?

你们的孩子们被杀害，你们的儿子们参军后被欺凌和屠杀，这对你来说不重要吗？ 你不在乎吗？ 天哪，如果那都不能使你感兴趣，还有什么能呢？ 守护你的钱财？寻欢作乐？吸毒？ 难道你们看不出你自己内在的这种暴力正在毁灭你们的孩子们吗？ 还是你只把它看成某个抽象的东西？

All right then, if you are interested, attend with all your heart and mind to find out. Don't just sit back and say, `Well, tell us all about it`. I point out to you that: you cannot look at anger nor at violence with eyes that condemn or justify. And that, if this violence is not a burning problem to you, you cannot put those two things away.

好吧，如果你感兴趣，全心全意去发现。 不要坐着当看客说：“好了，全告诉我们吧。” 我向你指出： 你无法用谴责或辩护的眼光去看愤怒或暴力。 而且，如果暴力不是火烧眉毛的急迫，你就没法放下那两样东西。

So first you have to learn, you have to learn how to look at anger, how to look at your husband, your wife, your children. You have to listen to the politician. You have to learn why you are not objective, why you condemn or justify.

所以首先你必须学， 你必须学如何看愤怒，如何看你的丈夫、你的妻子、你的孩子。 你必须听政客。 你必须学你为什么不客观，为什么谴责或辩护。

You have to learn that you condemn and justify, because it is part of the social structure you live in, your conditioning as a German or an Indian or a Negro or an American or whatever you happen to have been born, with all the dulling of the mind that this conditioning results in.

你必须学， 你的谴责和辩护，是你所在社会结构的一部分， 你被限制成为一个德国人、中国人、黑人、美国人或任何你碰巧出生的地儿， 而这种限制使头脑迟钝。

To learn, to discover something fundamental, you must have the capacity to go deeply. If you have a blunt instrument, a dull instrument, you cannot go deeply.

要学、要发现某种根本性的东西，你必须有能力深入。 如果你用一件迟钝的工具，就没法深入。

So what we are doing is sharpening the instrument, which is the mind. The mind which has been made dull by all this justifying and condemning.

所以我们现在要磨砺工具，就是这颗头脑。 这颗被一切辩护和谴责弄得迟钝的头脑。

You can penetrate deeply only if your mind is as sharp as a needle and as strong as a diamond. It is no good just sitting back and asking `How am I to get such a mind?`. You have to want it as you want your next meal.

只有当你的头脑像针一样锋利、像钻石一样坚硬时，你才能深入。 只是坐着当看客地问“我怎样才获得到这样的头脑？”是没用的。 你必须像想要下一顿饭一样想要它。

And to have it, you must see that what makes your mind dull and stupid is this sense of invulnerability, which has built walls round itself and which is part of this condemnation and justification.

而要拥有它，你必须看到， 把你的头脑搞得迟钝和愚蠢的，是这种牢不可破感 在它周围修壁垒，这种感觉是谴责和辩护的一部分。

If the mind can be rid of that, then you can look, study, penetrate, and perhaps come to a state that is totally aware of the whole problem.

如果头脑能够摆脱那种感觉，那么你就可以观察、研究、深入， 并可能达到一种完全觉察到整个问题的状态。

So let us come back to the central issue: Is it possible to eradicate violence in ourselves? It is a form of violence to say, `You haven't changed, why haven't you?` I am not doing that. It doesn't mean a thing to me to convince you of anything. It is your life, not my life. The way you live is your affair.

所以让我们回到核心问题： 我们有可能根除自己内心的暴力吗？ “你没有改变，为什么不改？”，这种说法就是一种暴力。 我不会那样做。 对我来说，说服你相信任何东西都毫无意义。 这是你的生命，不是我的。你怎么活是你的事。

I am asking whether it is possible for a human being living psychologically in any society to clear violence from himself inwardly? If it is, the very process will produce a different way of living in this world.

我问，一个活在任何社会中的人，能清除自身的暴力吗？ 如果能，这个过程本身，就会在这个世界上产生一种不同的生活方式。

Most of us have accepted violence as a way of life. Two dreadful wars have taught us nothing, except to build more and more barriers between human beings that is, between you and me. But for those of us who want to be rid of violence, how is it to be done?

我们很多人已经接受暴力，把它当作一种生活方式。 两次可怕的战争没有教会我们任何东西， 除了在人与人之间 —— 你我之间 —— 筑起越来越多的壁垒。 然而，对于我们这些想要摆脱暴力的人，该怎么做？

I do not think anything is going to be achieved through analysis, either by ourselves or by a professional. We might be able to modify ourselves slightly, live a little more quietly with a little more affection, but in itself it will not give total perception.

我认为，无论是通过自己，还是通过专业人士的分析，都无法取得任何成果。 我们或许能稍微地改变自己，多一点人情味儿、安静一点地生活， 它却给不出全然的感。

But I must know how to analyse, which means that in the process of analysis my mind becomes extraordinarily sharp. And it is that quality of sharpness, of attention, of seriousness, which will give total perception.

但我必须知道如何分析，因为在分析时，我的头脑变得异常锋利。 而正是那种锋利、那种注意力、那种严肃的品质，才会给予全然的感。

One hasn't the eyes to see the whole thing at a glance, this clarity of the eye is possible only if one can see the details, then jump.

人没有一双能立即看清整体的眼睛， 只有当人能见到细节时，才有这种清明的眼光，然后跳出。

Some of us, in order to rid ourselves of violence, have used a concept, an ideal, called non-violence. And we think by having an ideal of the opposite to violence, non-violence, we can get rid of the fact, the actual, but we cannot. We have had ideals without number, all the sacred books are full of them, Yet we are still violent, so why not deal with violence itself and forget the word altogether?

我们有些人，为摆脱暴力，就用“非暴力”这个概念或理念。 我们认为通过拥有暴力的对立面 —— 非暴力的理念，就能摆脱事实、摆脱现实，但是没用。 我们有数不清的理念，所有的圣经典籍里，都充斥着它们， 可我们依然暴力，何不完全忘掉那词儿，直接处理暴力呢？

If you want to understand the actual, you must give your whole attention, all your energy, to it. That attention and energy are distracted when you create a fictitious, ideal world.

如果你想理解真实， 你必须付出全部的注意力、所有的能量。 当你创造一个虚构的理念世界时，那个注意力和能量就被打散了。

So can you completely banish the ideal? The man who is really serious, with the urge to find out what truth is, what love is, has no concept at all. He lives only in what is.

那么，你能完全放弃理念吗？ 一个真正严肃、急切想知道什么是真理、什么是爱的人，根本没有任何概念。 他只活在现实中。

To investigate the fact of your own anger, you must pass no judgement on it. For the moment you conceive of its opposite, you condemn it, and therefore you cannot see it as it is.

要探究你的愤怒，你不能对它做任何评判。 一旦你想到它的对立面，你就在谴责它，就无法如实看它。

When you say you dislike or hate someone, that is a fact, although it sounds terrible. If you look at it, go into it completely, it ceases. But if you say, `I must not hate, I must have love in my heart`, then you are living in a hypocritical world with double standards.

当你说，你不喜欢或你恨某人时，那是个事实，尽管听起来很恐怖。 如果你看它，完全深入它，它就会消逝。 但如果你说：“我不应该恨，我心中必须有爱”， 那你就活在一个虚幻的、双标的世界里。

To live completely, fully in the moment, is to live with what is, the actual, without any sense of condemnation or justification. Then you understand it so totally that you are finished with it. When you see clearly, the problem is solved.

整体地、全然地活，就是与当下、与事实共处，没有一丝谴责或辩护的感觉。 你如此完整地理解它，它就完了。 你看清楚，问题就被解决了。

But can you see the face of violence clearly? - the face of violence not only outside you but inside you, which means that you are totally free from violence, because you have not admitted ideology through which to get rid of it. This requires very deep meditation not just a verbal agreement or disagreement.

那么你能清晰地看见暴力的面孔吗？ —— 不仅是你外面的，还有你里面的暴力面孔， 那意味着你完全解散了暴力， 因为你没有接受任何一种处理它的意识形态。 这需要非常深入的冥想，而不只是口头上的同意或不同意。

You have now read a series of statements, but have you really understood? Your conditioned mind, your way of life, the whole structure of the society in which you live, prevent you from looking at a fact and being entirely free from it immediately.

你现在已经读了一系列的陈述，可你真的理解了吗？ 你受局限的头脑、你的生活方式、你所处的整个社会结构， 阻挡着你看事实并立即完全解散它。

You say, `I will think about it. I will consider whether it is possible to be free from violence or not. I will try to be free.'

你说：“我会考虑一下。 我会考虑是否有可能摆脱暴力。 我会尝试解脱。”

That is one of the most dreadful statements you can make, `I will try`. There is no trying, no doing your best. Either you do it or you don't do it.

那是你能做出的一个最可怕的陈述：“我会尝试”。 别说什么`尝试，尽力而为`之类的话。 你要么做，要么不做。

You are admitting time while the house is burning. The house is burning as a result of the violence throughout the world, and in yourself and you say, `Let me think about it. Which ideology is best to put out the fire?` When the house is on fire, do you argue about the colour of the hair of the man who brings the water?

房子着火了，你却在给时间开绿灯。 暴力使全世界的房子燃烧， 你的房子也在里面，你说：“让我想想。哪种意识形态最适合灭火？” 当房子着火时，你会争论送水人头发的颜色吗？