If you think it is important to know about yourself only because I or someone else has told you it is important, then I am afraid all communication between us comes to an end. But if we agree that it is vital that we understand ourselves completely, then you and I have quite a different relationship, then we can explore together with a happy, careful and intelligent enquiry.

要是你以为自知很重要， 只是出于我或别人告诉你的， 那么恐怕我们之间的所有沟通就结束了。 然而，如果我们都同意，完全理解我们自身至关重要， 那么你我的关系就完全不同了， 我们就可以快乐、谨慎而智慧地一起探索。

I do not demand your faith; I am not setting myself up as an authority. I have nothing to teach you - no new philosophy, no new system, no new path to reality; there is no path to reality any more than to truth. All authority of any kind, especially in the field of thought and understanding, is the most destructive, evil thing. Leaders destroy the followers and followers destroy the leaders. You have to be your own teacher and your own disciple. You have to question everything that man has accepted as valuable, as necessary.

我不要你的信仰，也没把自己当成权威。 我没什么可教你的 —— 没有新的哲学、体系、通往真实的路； 没有通往真实的路，正如没有通往真理的路一样。 任何形式的权威，尤其在思想和理解领域中， 都是最具破坏性、最邪恶的东西。 领袖摧毁追随者，追随者摧毁领袖。 你必须做自己的老师和自己的弟子。 你必须质疑人类认为有价值的、有必要的一切事物。

If you do not follow somebody you feel very lonely. Be lonely then. Why are you frightened of being alone? Because you are faced with yourself as you are. And you find that you are empty, dull, stupid, ugly, guilty and anxious - a petty, shoddy, secondhand entity. Face the fact; look at it, do not run away from it - The moment you run away, fear begins.

如果你不追随某人，你感到非常孤独。那就孤独吧。 你为什么害怕独处呢？ 因为你在面对真实的自己。 然后你发现自己空虚、迟钝、愚蠢、丑陋、内疚和焦虑 —— 一个琐碎的、粗劣的二手货。 面对这个事实；看着它，别逃 —— 你一逃，恐惧就跟着来了。

In enquiring into ourselves, we are not isolating ourselves from the rest of the world. It is not an unhealthy process. Man throughout the world is caught up in the same daily problems as ourselves, so in enquiring into ourselves, we are not being in the least neurotic. Because there is no difference between the individual and the collective. That is an actual fact. I have created the world as I am. So don't let us get lost in this battle between the part and the whole.

在探究自己时，我们没有把自身与世界分隔。 它不是坏事。 世界各地的和我们一样，都掉进了的日常问题的泥潭里， 所以在探究我们自己时，我们一点也不神经质。 因为个体和集体之间没什么不同。 这是事实。 我是什么样的，我就创造出什么样的世界。 所以，不要让我们迷失在部分与整体的战斗中。

I must become aware of the total field of my own self, which is the consciousness of the individual and of society. It is only then, when the mind goes beyond this individual and social consciousness, that I can become a light to myself that never goes out.

我必须觉察我所在的整个领域， 这是一个既属于个体又属于社会的意识。 只有当头脑超越了这个意识， 我才能变成一道永不熄灭的、照亮自身的光。

Now where do we begin to understand ourselves? Here am I, and how am I to study myself, observe myself, see what is actually taking place inside myself? I can observe myself only in relationship, because all life is relationship.

现在理解自己，我们从哪里开始？我在这儿， 我该如何研究、观察自己、看到自身的里面正在发生什么？ 我只能在关系中观察自身，因为所有的生命都是关系。

It is no use sitting in a corner meditating about myself. I cannot exist by myself. I exist only in relationship to people, things and ideas, and in studying my relationship to outward things and people, as well as to inward things, I begin to understand myself.

独自坐在角落里冥想，没用。 我无法独自存在。我只存在于与人、事、物、想法的关系中， 通过研究我与外物、与人的关系，以及与内在事物的关系， 我开始理解自身。

Every other form of understanding is merely an abstraction and I cannot study myself in abstraction; I am not an abstract entity; therefore I have to study myself in actuality - as I am, not as I wish to be.

任何其他形式的理解全是抽象， 我无法在抽象中研究自身； 我不是一个抽象的实体；因此我必须在实际中研究自己 —— 如我所是，而非如我所愿。

Understanding is not an intellectual process. Acquiring knowledge about yourself and learning about yourself are two different things, for the knowledge you accumulate about yourself is always of the past and a mind that is burdened with the past is a sorrowful mind.

理解不是理智。 获取关于自己的知识和学习关于自己的知识是两码事， 因为你所积累的关于自己的知识总是属于过去， 装载着过去的头脑是一颗悲伤的头脑。

Learning about yourself is not like learning a language or a technology or a science - then you obviously have to accumulate and remember, it would be absurd to begin all over again. But in the psychological field, learning about yourself is always in the present and knowledge is always in the past, and as most of us live in the past and are satisfied with the past, knowledge becomes extraordinarily important to us. That is why we worship the erudite, the clever, the cunning. But if you are learning all the time, learning every minute, learning by watching and listening, learning by seeing and doing, then you will find that: learning is a constant movement without the past.

学习关于自己的知识不像学习一门语言、技术或科学 —— 那些显然必须积累和记忆，每次都从头开始是荒谬的。 但在心理领域，学习关于自己的知识总是在当下， 而知识总是在过去， 由于很多人活在过去，并且满足于过去， 因而，知识对我们变得异常重要。 这就是为什么我们崇拜博学的、聪明的、狡猾的人。 然而如果你一直学习，分分钟都在学， 通过注视和倾听，通过见和做，那么你会发现： 学习是一个没有过去的恒久运动。

To understand anything, you must live with it, you must observe it, you must know all its content, its nature, its structure, its movement. Have you ever tried living with yourself? If so, you will begin to see that yourself is not a static state, it is a fresh living thing. And to live with a living thing, your mind must also be alive. And it cannot be alive if it is caught in opinions, judgements and values.

要理解任何一个东西, 你必需与之相处, 你必需看他, 知道他的内容、性质、结构、动静。 你试过与你自身相处吗？ 要是你试过, 你会发现自身不是静态的，而是有血有肉、活生生的。 与一个活物相处，你的头脑必需是活泼的。 如果这颗头脑陷入观点、结论和价值，他就没法动。

In order to observe the movement of your own mind and heart, of your whole being, you must have a free mind, not a mind that agrees and disagrees, taking sides in an argument, disputing over mere words, but rather following with an intention to understand - a very difficult thing to do, because most of us don't know how to look at, or listen to our own being any more than we know how to look at the beauty of a river or listen to the breeze among the trees.

为了观察你的头脑和心，你的整个存在， 你必需有一颗自由的头脑， 不是去认同、反对、在论点上选边站队、在言词上争吵， 而是跟随一种去理解的意图 —— 这很难做， 因为很多人不知道如何去看、去听我们自己 —— 如同不知道如何看一条河流的美、听树林的气息一样。

When we condemn or justify, we cannot see clearly, nor can we when our minds are endlessly chattering; then we do not observe what is, we look only at the projections we have made of ourselves. Each of us has an image of what we think we are or what we should be, and that image, that picture, entirely prevents us from seeing ourselves as we actually are.

当我们谴责或辩护时，我们就看不清， 我们头脑喋喋不休时，也看不清。 那样一来, 我们没看到现状， 看见的只是自己制造的投影。 我们每个人都有一幅画好的、想画的投影图， 正是那幅图画，完全蒙蔽着我们的视线。

It is one of the most difficult things in the world to look at anything simply. Because our minds are very complex we have lost the quality of simplicity. I don't mean simplicity in clothes or food, wearing only a loin cloth or breaking a record fasting or any of that immature nonsense the saints cultivate, but the simplicity that can look directly at things without fear - that can look at ourselves as we actually are without any distortion - to say when we lie we lie, not cover it up or run away from it.

简单地看，是世上最困难的一件事。 因为我们的头脑非常复杂， 我们失去了简单的品质。 我指的不是衣着或食物上的简单， 不是只穿一条腰布或打破辟谷记录， 也不是圣人们弄出的那些幼稚的胡言乱语， 而是这种能毫无恐惧地直接去看的简单 —— 能如是看见我们自身而毫无扭曲 —— 说谎时就说谎，不掩饰也不逃避。

Also in order to understand ourselves, we need a great deal of humility. If you start by saying, `I know myself', you have already stopped learning about yourself; or if you say, 'There is nothing much to learn about myself because I am just a bundle of memories, ideas, experiences and traditions', then you have also stopped learning about yourself.

同时，为了理解自己，我们需要大量的谦卑。 如果你一开始就说“我知道我自己”，你就已经停止学习自己了； 或者你说： “关于我自己没什么好学的了，因为我只是一堆记忆、想法、经历和传统”， 那么，你也停止学习自己了。

The moment you have achieved anything you cease to have that quality of innocence and humility; the moment you have a conclusion or start examining from knowledge, you are finished, for then you are translating every living thing in terms of the old.

一旦你获得任何一个东西，你就失去了纯真和谦卑的品质； 一旦你有一个结论或开始通过知识去审视，你就玩完了， 因为你在把每一个活物都弄成了死的。

Whereas if you have no foothold, if there is no certainty, no achievement, there is freedom to look, to achieve. And when you look with freedom it is always new. A confident man is a dead human being.

然而, 如果你没有立足点，没有成见，没有收获，就有去看，去收获的自由。 当你带着自由去看时，它总是新的。 一个确信的人是死人。

But how can we be free to look and learn, when our minds from the moment we are born to the moment we die are shaped by a particular culture in the narrow pattern of the `me'? For centuries we have been conditioned by nationality, caste, class, tradition, religion, language, education, literature, art, custom, convention, propaganda of all kinds, economic pressure, the food we eat, the climate we live in, our family, our friends, our experiences - every influence you can think of - and therefore our responses to every problem are conditioned.

然而，我们的头脑从出生的那一刻到死亡， 都被特定的文化塑造成一个狭隘的模式 —— “我” —— 我们怎能自由地看和学习呢？ 几个世纪以来，我们一直局限于国籍、种族、阶级、传统、 宗教、语言、教育、文学、艺术、习俗、惯例、各种宣传、经济压力、我们饮食、 我们生活的气候、我们的家庭、朋友、经历 —— 你能想到的每一种影响 —— 因此我们对每一个问题的回应都是受限的。

Are you aware that you are conditioned? That is the first thing to ask yourself, not how to be free of your conditioning. You may never be free of it, and if you say, `I must be free of it', you may fall into another trap of another form of conditioning. So are you aware that you are conditioned? Do you know that even when you look at a tree and say, `That is an oak tree', or `that is a banyan tree', the naming of the tree, which is botanical knowledge, has so conditioned your mind that the word comes between you and actually seeing the tree? To come in contact with the tree you have to put your hand on it and the word will not help you to touch it.

你可觉察到自身的局限？ 这是你首先要问自己的，而不是如何摆脱你的局限。 你可能永远无法摆脱它， 如果你说“我必须摆脱它”，你可能会陷入另一种形式的局限。 那么，你觉察到自己的局限吗？ 你知道吗？当你看见一棵树时，说“它是一棵橡树”，或者“是一棵榕树”， 给这棵树命名，也就是植物学知识， 已经如此严重地限制了你的头脑，以至于词语挡在你和那棵树之间 要触碰那棵树， 你必须用手去摸，而言词并不能帮你去摸它。

How do you know you are conditioned? What tells you? What tells you you are hungry? not as a theory but the actual fact of hunger. In the same way, how do you discover the actual fact that you are conditioned? Isn't it by your reaction to a problem, a challenge? You respond to every challenge according to your conditioning and your conditioning being inadequate will always react inadequately.

你怎么知道你被限制？ 是什么告诉你的？是什么告诉你‘你饿了’？ 不是一个理论，而是饥饿这个事实。 同样，你怎么发现‘自己被限制’这个事实？ 难道不是通过你对一个问题、一个挑战的反应吗？ 你根据你的局限对每一个挑战作出反应， 被局限的你处于不充分的状态，其反应也是不充分的。

When you become aware of it, does this conditioning of race, religion and culture bring a sense of imprisonment? Take only one form of conditioning, nationality, become seriously, completely aware of it and see whether you enjoy it or rebel against it, and if you rebel against it, whether you want to break through all conditioning. If you are satisfied with your conditioning you will obviously do nothing about it, but if you are not satisfied when you become aware of it, you will realize that you never do anything without it. Never! And therefore you are always living in the past with the dead.

当你觉察到它， 这种种族、宗教和文化的局限，是否带来了一种囚禁感呢？ 拿一种局限形式 —— 国籍 —— 严肃、彻底地觉察到它， 你是在享受它还是反抗它？ 如果你反抗，是否想突破所有的局限？ 如果你对自己的小圈子感到满意，显然，你不会对它做什么， 但如果在觉察到时，你不满意， 你就会意识到：你做的每一件事都离不开它。从来没有！ 因此你总是活在充斥着死物的过去中。

You will be able to see for yourself how you are conditioned only when there is a conflict in the continuity of pleasure or the avoidance of pain. If everything is perfectly happy around you, your wife loves you, you love her, you have a nice house, nice children and plenty of money, then you are not aware of your conditioning at all. But when there is a disturbance - when your wife looks at someone else or you lose your money or are threatened with war or any other pain or anxiety - then you know you are conditioned.

在产生了快乐被打断或回避痛苦的冲突时， 你才能亲眼看到自己有多么地局限。 如果你周围一切都非常快乐， 你的妻子爱你，你爱她，你有漂亮的房子、可爱的孩子和很多钱， 那么你根本不会意识到自己的局限。 但是当你被你干扰时 —— 当你的妻子看别人， 或者你丢了钱，或者受到战争威胁，或者任何痛苦或焦虑 —— 那时，你才知道自己受到了局限。

When you struggle against any kind of disturbance or defend yourself against any outer or inner threat, then you know you are conditioned. And as most of us are disturbed most of the time, either superficially or deeply, that very disturbance indicates that we are conditioned. So long as the animal is petted he reacts nicely, but the moment he is antagonized, the whole violence of his nature comes out.

当你被干扰，或抵御外在或内在的威胁时，你才知道自己受到了局限。 在大多数时候，我们很多人都处于扰动之中，无论是表面还是深层的， 正是那种扰动表明我们受到局限。 只要动物被抚摸，它就会表现良好， 但一旦被激怒，它本性中的所有暴力就会爆发。

We are disturbed about life, politics, the economic situation, the horror, the brutality, the sorrow in the world as well as in ourselves, and from that we realize how terribly narrowly conditioned we are. And what shall we do? Accept that disturbance and live with it as most of us do? Get used to it as one gets used to living with a backache? Put up with it?

我们被生命、政治、经济状况、世界以及我们自身的恐怖、残暴、悲伤扰动， 我们意识到自身的局限是多么可怕地狭隘。 我们该怎么办？ 像我们很多人那样，接受那种扰动并与之同居吗？ 像习惯腰背疼痛一样习惯着、忍受着？

There is a tendency in all of us to put up with things, to get used to them, to blame them on circumstances. 'Ah, if things were right I would be different', we say, or, 'Give me the opportunity and I will fulfil myself', or, 'I am crushed by the injustice of it all', always blaming our disturbances on others or on our environment or on the economic situation.

我们所有人都有一种倾向：忍受着、习惯它们，并把它们归咎于环境。 “哈，如要是运气好，我就不一样了”， 我们这样说，或者“给我机会，我就会成就自己”， 或者“我被这一切的不公正压垮了”， 总是把我们的扰动归咎于他人、环境或经济状况。

If one gets used to disturbance, it means that one's mind has become dull, just as one can get so used to beauty around one that one no longer notices it. One gets indifferent, hard and callous, and one's mind becomes duller and duller. If we do not get used to it, we try to escape from it by taking some kind of drug, joining a political group, shouting, writing, going to a football match or to a temple or church or finding some other form of amusement.

如果一个人习惯了扰动，那就意味着他的头脑变得迟钝了， 就像一个人能对周围的美如此习以为常而不再留意。 他变得冷漠、僵硬、麻木，他的头脑变得越来越迟钝。 如果我们不习惯，我们就会试图逃避它， 通过服用某种药物、加入政治团体、喊叫、写作、 看足球比赛或去寺庙、教堂，或者寻找其他的娱乐方式。

Why is it that we escape from actual facts? We are afraid of death - I am just taking that as an example - and we invent all kinds of theories, hopes, beliefs, to disguise the fact of death, but the fact is still there. To understand a fact, we must look at it, not run away from it. Most of us are afraid of living as well as of dying. We are afraid for our family, afraid of public opinion, of losing our job, our security, and hundreds of other things. The simple fact is that we are afraid, not that we are afraid of this or that. Now why cannot we face that fact?

为什么我们要逃避事实？ 我们害怕死亡 —— 我只是拿这个作为一个例子 —— 我们发明了各种理论、希望、信仰来掩盖死亡这个事实， 但事实仍在那里。 要理解一个事实，我们必须看它，而不是逃避它。 我们很多人既怕活又怕死。 我们为家人担心，害怕舆论， 害怕失去工作、安全，以及上百种其他事情。 这个简单的事实是‘我们害怕’，而不是我们怕这怕那。 那么为什么我们不能面对这个事实呢？

You can face a fact only in the present and if you never allow it to be present because you are always escaping from it, you can never face it, and because we have cultivated a whole network of escapes we are caught in the habit of escape.

只有在当下, 你才能面对事实， 如果你总是逃避而不让它呈现，你就永远无法面对它， 而且，由于我们已经培养了一整套逃避的网络， 我们已经深陷于逃避的习惯中。

Now, if you are at all sensitive, at all serious, you will not only be aware of your conditioning but you will also be aware of the dangers it results in, what brutality and hatred it leads to. Why, then, if you see the danger of your conditioning, don't you act? Is it because you are lazy, laziness being lack of energy? Yet you will not lack energy if you see an immediate physical danger like a snake in your path, or a precipice, or a fire. Why, then, don't you act when you see the danger of your conditioning? If you saw the danger of nationalism to your own security, wouldn't you act?

那么，如果你非常敏感、非常严肃， 你不仅会觉察到你的局限， 还会觉察到它带来的危险，它会导致怎样的残暴和仇恨。 那么，如果你看到自身受限的危险，为什么还不行动？ 是因为你懒吗？缺乏能量吗？ 然而如果你看到迫在眉睫的人身危险， 比如路上有条蛇、一个悬崖或一场火灾，你就不会缺乏能量。 那么，当你看到自己受限的危险时，为什么还不动呢？ 如果你看到了国家主义对你自身安全的威胁，难道你不行动吗？

The answer is you don't see. Through an intellectual process of analysis, you may see that nationalism leads to self-destruction but there is no emotional content in that. Only when there is an emotional content do you become vital.

答案是你没看见。 通过理智的分析过程，你可能会看到国家主义导致自我毁灭， 但那里面没有情感内涵。 有情感内涵时，你才会激活。

If you see the danger of your conditioning merely as an intellectual concept, you will never do anything about it. In seeing a danger as a mere idea, there is conflict between the idea and action and that conflict takes away your energy. It is only when you see the conditioning and the danger of it immediately, and as you would see a precipice, that you act. So seeing is acting.

如果你仅仅把受限的危险看作一个理智概念， 你就永远不会对它采取任何行动。 仅仅把一个危险看作一个想法，那么，在想法和行动之间就有冲突， 而那种冲突会消耗你的能量。 只有当你立刻看见局限及其危险，就像你看见悬崖一样，你才会行动。 所以，见即做。

Most of us walk through life inattentively, reacting unthinkingly according to the environment in which we have been brought up, and such reactions create only further bondage, further conditioning, but the moment you give your total attention to your conditioning you will see that you are free from the past completely, that it falls away from you naturally.

在生活中，我们很多人漫不经心地走着， 根据我们成长的环境不加思考地做出反应， 这样的反应只会制造更多的束缚、局限， 然而，一旦你把全部的注意力放在你所受的限制上， 你就会看到：你完全地脱离了过去，它自然地掉落了。