WHAT IS FEAR? Fear can exist only in relation to something, not in isolation. How can I be afraid of death, how can I be afraid of something I do not know? I can be afraid only of what I know. When I say I am afraid of death, am I really afraid of the unknown, which is death, or am I afraid of losing what I have known? My fear is not of death but of losing my association with things belonging to me. My fear is always in relation to the known, not to the unknown.
什么是恐惧？恐懼的存在，只会出现於與某事的關系中，而不是隔离的。 我怎么会怕死，我怎么会怕我不知道的东西？ 我只能害怕我所知道的。 当我说我怕死的时候，我真的怕这个未知，怕这个死亡吗， 还是我害怕失去我所知道的？ 我的恐惧与死亡无关，而是怕失去与属于我的东西的联系。 我的恐惧总是与已知的东西有关，而不是与未知有关。
My inquiry now is how to be free from the fear of the known, which is the fear of losing my family, my reputation, my character, my bank account, my appetites and so on. You may say that fear arises from conscience; but your conscience is formed by your conditioning, so conscience is still the result of the known.
我现在来调查，如何从对已知事物的恐惧中解脱出来， 也就是害怕失去我的家人，我的声誉，我的性格，我的银行账户，我的胃口等等。 你可能会说，恐惧源于良心； 但是你的良心是由你的制约形成的，所以良心仍然是已知的产物。
What do I know? Knowledge is having ideas, having opinions about things, having a sense of continuity as in relation to the known, and no more. Ideas are memories, the result of experience, which is response to challenge. I am afraid of the known, which means I am afraid of losing people, things or ideas, I am afraid of discovering what I am, afraid of being at a loss, afraid of the pain which might come into being when I have lost or have not gained or have no more pleasure.
我知道什么？ 知识是有想法，对事物有观点， 具有与已知相关的连续性，仅此而已。 想法是记忆，是体验的结果，是对挑战的回应。 我害怕已知，这意味着我害怕失去人们、东西或想法， 我害怕去发现我是什么，害怕不知所措， 害怕当我失去或没有得到或不再有快乐时可能产生的痛苦。
There is fear of pain. Physical pain is a nervous response, but psychological pain arises when I hold on to things that give me satisfaction, for then I am afraid of anyone or anything that may take them away from me. The psychological accumulations prevent psychological pain as long as they are undisturbed; that is I am a bundle of accumulations, experiences, which prevent any serious form of disturbance - and I do not want to be disturbed. Therefore I am afraid of anyone who disturbs them. Thus my fear is of the known, I am afraid of the accumulations, physical or psychological, that I have gathered as a means of warding off pain or preventing sorrow. But sorrow is in the very process of accumulating to ward off psychological pain.
有对痛苦的恐惧。 身体上的痛苦是一种神经反应，但当我抓住让我满意的东西时，心理上的痛苦就会出现， 因为那时，我害怕任何人或任何事情可能把它们从我的身边带走。 只要不受打扰，心理上的积累就能防止心中的痛苦； 也就是说，我是一堆积累，体验，可以防止任何形式的严重干扰 —— 我不想被打扰。 因此，我害怕任何打扰它们的人。 因此，我的恐惧源于已知，我担忧物质或心理上的积累， 那是我聚集起来的，为了抵御痛苦或防止悲伤的东西。 但是，正是这种为了抵御心理上的痛苦而积累的过程，产生了悲伤。
Knowledge also helps to prevent pain. As medical knowledge helps to prevent physical pain, so beliefs help to prevent psychological pain, and that is why I am afraid of losing my beliefs, though I have no perfect knowledge or concrete proof of the reality of such beliefs. I may reject some of the traditional beliefs that have been foisted on me because my own experience gives me strength, confidence, understanding; but such beliefs and the knowledge which I have acquired are basically the same - a means of warding off pain.
知识也有助于预防痛苦。 正如医学知识有助于预防身体上的痛苦一样，信仰也有助于预防心理上的痛苦， 这就是为什么我害怕失去我的信仰， 尽管我没有完美的知识或具体的证据来证明这种信仰的真实性。 我可能会拒绝一些强加给我的传统信仰 因为我自己的体验给了我力量、信心、理解力； 但这种信念和我所获得的知识基本上是相同的 —— 一种抵御痛苦的手段。
Fear exists so long as there is accumulation of the known, which creates the fear of losing. Therefore fear of the unknown is really fear of losing the accumulated known. Accumulation invariably means fear, which in turn means pain; and the moment I say "I must not lose" there is fear. Though my intention in accumulating is to ward off pain, pain is inherent in the process of accumulation. The very things which I have create fear, which is pain.
只要有已知的积累，恐惧就存在，这就产生了对失去的恐惧。 因此，對未知的恐懼實際上是害怕失去累積的已知。 积累总是意味着恐惧，而恐惧又意味着痛苦； 当我说“我一定不能输”的那一刻，就会有恐惧。 虽然我积累的目的是抵御痛苦，但痛苦是积累过程中所固有的。 正是我所拥有的东西造成了恐惧，也就是痛苦。
The seed of defence brings offence. I want physical security; thus I create a sovereign government, which necessitates armed forces, which means war, which destroys security. Wherever there is a desire for self-protection, there is fear. When I see the fallacy of demanding security I do not accumulate any more. If you say that you see it but you cannot help accumulating, it is because you do not really see that, inherently, in accumulation there is pain.
防守的种子带来了进攻。 我想要人身安全； 因此，我建立了一个主权政府，这需要武装部队，意味着战争，意味着破坏安全。 哪里有自我保护的欲望，哪里就有恐惧。 当我看到要求安全的谬误时，我不再积累了。 如果你说你看到了它，但你忍不住积累， 這是因為你沒有真正地看到：在內在的累積中存在着痛苦。
Fear exists in the process of accumulation and belief in something is part of the accumulative process. My son dies, and I believe in reincarnation to prevent me psychologically from having more pain; but, in the very process of believing, there is doubt. Outwardly I accumulate things, and bring war; inwardly I accumulate beliefs, and bring pain. So long as I want to be secure, to have bank accounts, pleasures and so on, so long as I want to become something, physiologically or psychologically, there must be pain. The very things I am doing to ward off pain bring me fear, pain.
恐惧存在于积累的过程中，对某种事物的信仰是积累过程的一部分。 我的儿子死了，我相信轮回可以防止我在心理上有更多的痛苦； 但是，在相信的过程中，存在怀疑。 在外面，我积累东西，并带来战争； 在内心，我积累信念，并带来痛苦。 只要我想要安全，要有银行账户，要快乐等等， 只要我想成为某种人物，在物质上或心理上，就一定有痛苦。 我为抵御痛苦而做的事情，给我带来了恐惧、痛苦。
Fear comes into being when I desire to be in a particular pattern. To live without fear means to live without a particular pattern. When I demand a particular way of living that in itself is a source of fear. My difficulty is my desire to live in a certain frame. Can I not break the frame?
當我渴望處於一種特定的模式時，恐懼就會出現。 没有恐惧的生活意味着没有特定的模式。 当我要求一种特定的生活方式时，这本身就是恐惧的根源。 我的困难是我想要活在某个框架中。 我能不打破这个框架吗？
I can do so only when I see the truth: that the frame is causing fear and that this fear is strengthening the frame. If I say I must break the frame because I want to be free of fear, then I am merely following another pattern which will cause further fear. Any action on my part based on the desire to break the frame will only create another pattern, and therefore fear. How am I to break the frame without causing fear, that is without any conscious or unconscious action on my part with regard to it?
我这样做，除非我看到真相： 这个框架正在引起恐惧，而这种恐惧正在加强这个框架。 如果我说‘我必须打破框架，因为我想摆脱恐惧’， 那么我只是在遵循另一种规则，这将引起进一步的恐惧。 我基于打破框架的欲望的任何行动只会创造另一种规则，从而产生恐惧。 我该如何打破这个框架而不引起恐惧？ 也就是说，没有与之相关的任何有意识的或无意识的行为。
This means that I must not act, I must make no movement to break the frame. What happens to me when I am simply looking at the frame without doing anything about it? I see that the mind itself is the frame, the pattern; it lives in the habitual pattern which it has created for itself. Therefore, the mind itself is fear. Whatever the mind does goes towards strengthening an old pattern or furthering a new one. This means that whatever the mind does to get rid of fear causes fear.
这意味着我不能行动，我不能做任何打破框架的动作。 当我只是看着框架而不做任何事情时，在发生什么？ 我看到头脑本身就是这个框架，这个规则；它生活在它为它自己创造的习惯中。 因此，頭腦本身就是恐懼。 无论头脑做什么，都会加强旧模式或推进新模式。 这意味着无论头脑为摆脱恐惧做了什么，都会引起恐惧。
Fear finds various escapes. The common variety is identification, is it not? - identification with the country, with the society, with an idea. Haven't you noticed how you respond when you see a procession, a military procession or a religious procession, or when the country is in danger of being invaded? You then identify yourself with the country, with a being, with an ideology. There are other times when you identify yourself with your child, with your wife, with a particular form of action, or inaction.
恐惧找到了各种逃脱方法。常见的品种是认同，不是吗？ —— 认同国家、认同社会、认同理念。 你没注意到你是怎么回应的吗 当你看到游行、军事游行或宗教游行时， 或者当国家有被入侵的危险时？ 那时，你认同这个国家，认同一个存在，认同一种意识形态。 而在其他时间里 你认同你的孩子，你的妻子，一种特定形式的行动或不行动时。
Identification is a process of self-forgetfulness. So long as I am conscious of the `me' I know there is pain, there is struggle, there is constant fear. But if I can identify myself with something greater, with something worth while, with beauty, with life, with truth, with belief, with knowledge, at least temporarily, there is an escape from the `me', is there not? If I talk about "my country" I forget myself temporarily, do I not? If I can say something about God, I forget myself? If I can identify myself with my family, with a group, with a particular party, with a certain ideology, then there is a temporary escape.
认同是一个忘我的过程。 只要我意識到「我」，我就知道有痛苦，有掙扎，有持續的恐懼。 但是，如果我能认同比自己更伟大的东西，认同一些有价值的东西， 比如美、生命、真理、信仰、知识，至少暂时性的， 有一种逃避“我”的方法，不是吗？ 如果我谈论“我的国家”，我会暂时忘记我自己，不是吗？ 如果我能说些关于上帝的事情，我忘记了我自己？ 如果我能认同我的家庭，认同一个团体，认同某个政党，认同某种意识形态， 那么，有暂时的逃避。
Identification therefore is a form of escape from the self, even as virtue is a form of escape from the self. The man who pursues virtue is escaping from the self and he has a narrow mind. That is not a virtuous mind, for virtue is something which cannot be pursued. The more you try to become virtuous, the more strength you give to the self, to the `me'.
因此，认同是逃避自我的一种形式， 即使美德，也是逃避自我的一种形式。 追求美德的人是在逃避自我，他的心胸狭隘。 那不是有美德的头脑，因为美德是无法追求的。 你越是试图变得有德行，你就越能给自我，给“我”以力量。
Fear, which is common to most of us in different forms, must always find a substitute and must therefore increase our struggle. The more you are identified with a substitute, the greater the strength to hold on to that for which you are prepared to struggle, to die, because fear is at the back.
恐惧，这是我们大多数人以不同形式而共享的， 必定在找某个替代品，因此也必定在加剧我们的挣扎。 你越认同一个替代品， 你就越有动力去为之奋斗、为之死亡， 因为恐惧就在背后。
Do we now know what fear is? Is it not the non-acceptance of what is? We must understand the word `acceptance'. I am not using that word as meaning the effort made to accept. There is no question of accepting when I perceive what is. When I do not see clearly what is, then I bring in the process of acceptance. Therefore fear is the non-acceptance of what is.
我们现在知道什么是恐惧吗？ 难道不是不接受‘什么是’吗？ 我们必须理解“接受”这个词。 我用这个词并不是为了接受而努力。 当我感知到什么是时，没有接受的问题。 当我看不清什么是时，我就会引入接受的过程。 因此，恐惧是对‘什么是’的不接受。
How can I, who am a bundle of all these reactions, responses, memories, hopes, depressions, frustrations, who am the result of the movement of consciousness blocked, go beyond? Can the mind, without this blocking and hindrance, be conscious? We know, when there is no hindrance, what extraordinary joy there is. Don't you know when the body is perfectly healthy there is a certain joy, well-being; and don't you know when the mind is completely free, without any block, when the centre of recognition as the`me' is not there, you experience a certain joy? Haven't you experienced this state when the self is absent? Surely we all have.
我怎么能，我就是所有这些反应、回响、记忆、希望、沮丧、挫折的捆绑， 这位就是意识运动受阻的产物，怎么能超越？ 没有这种阻挠和阻碍，这颗头脑能有意识吗？ 我们知道，当没有障碍时，会有多么非凡的欢乐。 难道你不知道当身体完全健康时，会有相当的欢乐，舒服？ 当头脑完全自由，没有任何障碍， 没有可识别为“我”的中心时，你难道没有体验到某种欢乐吗？ 你没有经历过自我缺席时的这种状态吗？ 当然，我们都有。
There is understanding and freedom from the self only when I can look at it completely and integrally as a whole; and I can do that only when I understand the whole process of all activity born of desire which is the very expression of thought - for thought is not different from desire - without justifying it, without condemning it, without suppressing it; if I can understand that, then I shall know if there is the possibility of going beyond the restrictions of the self.
只有当我能够完整地、整体地看待自我时， 才有理解和摆脱自我的自由； 我要做到这一点，只能去理解由欲望产生的所有活动的整个过程， 也就是思想的表达 —— 因为思想与欲望没有什么不同 —— 不与它辩护，不谴责它，不压制它； 如果我能理解那， 那我就知道是否有超越自我限制的可能。