对生活的评注 1-20

IT WAS A lovely garden, with sunken lawns and old shady trees. The house was large, with spacious rooms, airy and well proportioned. The trees gave shelter to many birds and many squirrels, and to the fountain came birds of every size, sometimes eagles, but mostly crows, sparrows and noisy parrots. The house and garden were secluded, the more so as they were enclosed within high, white walls. It was pleasant within those walls, and beyond them was the noise of the road and the village. The road passed the gates, and a few yards along that road was the village, on the outskirts of a large town. The village was foul, with open gutters along its main, narrow lane. The houses were thatched, the front steps decorated, and children were playing in the lane. Some weavers had stretched out long strands of gay-coloured threads to make cloth, and a group of children were watching them at work. It was a cheerful scene, bright, noisy and smelly. The villagers were freshly washed, and they had very little on for the climate was warm. Towards evening some of them got drunk and became loud and rough.

这是一个可爱的花园，有下陷的草坪和古老而阴凉的树木。房子很大，有宽敞的房间，通风好，比例匀称。这些树庇护了许多鸟类和许多松鼠，喷泉引来了各种大小的鸟类，有时是鹰，但主要是乌鸦、麻雀和吵闹的鹦鹉。房子和花园都很僻静，因为它们被围在高高的白色墙壁内。在这些城墙内，气氛令人愉快，在城墙之外，是道路和村庄的噪音。这条路经过大门，沿着那条路走几码就是一个村庄，位于一个大城镇的郊区。这个村庄很脏，沿着它的狭窄的、主要的小巷边，有敞开的排水沟。房子是茅草房，前面的台阶有装饰过，孩子们在小巷里玩耍。一些织布工拉出很长的、颜色鲜艳的线来做布，一群孩子看着他们工作。这是一个欢快的场景，明亮、喧哗、发臭的。村民们刚洗过澡，由于天气炎热，他们几乎没有什么事。到了晚上，他们中的一些人喝醉了，变得又吵又粗暴。

It was only a thin wall that separated the lovely garden from the pulsating village. To deny ugliness and to hold to beauty is to be insensitive. The cultivation of the opposite must ever narrow the mind and limit the heart. Virtue is not an opposite; and if it has an opposite, it ceases to be virtue. To be aware of the beauty of that village is to be sensitive to the green, flowering garden. We want to be aware only of beauty, and we shut ourselves off from that which is not beautiful. This suppression merely breeds insensitivity, it does not bring about the appreciation of beauty. The good is not in the garden, away from the village, but in the sensitivity that lies beyond both. To deny or to identify leads to narrowness, which is to be insensitive. Sensitivity is not a thing a be carefully nurtured by the mind, which can only divide and dominate. There is good and evil; but to pursue the one and to avoid the other does not lead to that sensitivity which is essential for the being of reality.

只有一堵薄薄的墙将美丽的花园与悸动的村庄隔开。拒绝丑陋，抓住美丽，就是不敏感。培养对立面必定永远使头脑狭隘，心灵受限。美德没有对立面；如果它有一个对立面，它就不再是美德。要意识到这个村庄的美丽，就要对绿色的、开花的花园保持敏感。我们只想意识到美，而我们把自己与不美的东西隔绝。这种压抑只会滋生不敏感，不会带来对美的欣赏。好，不在花园里，远离了村庄，而在两者之外的敏感中。拒绝或认同，会导致狭隘，也就是不敏感。敏感不是一件由头脑精心培育的东西，头脑只会分割与支配。好与坏，都是存在的；但是追求一个并避免另一个并不会导向敏感，而要让真实显露，敏感是基础。

Reality is not the opposite of illusion, of the false, and if you try to approach it as an opposite it will never come into being. Reality can be only when the opposites cease. To condemn or identify breeds the conflict of the opposites, and conflict only engenders further conflict. A fact approached unemotionally, without denying or justifying, does not bring about conflict. A fact in itself has no opposite; it has an opposite only when there is a pleasurable or defensive attitude. It is this attitude that builds the walls of insensitivity and destroys action. If we prefer to remain in the garden, there is a resistance to the village; and where there is resistance there can be no action, either in the garden or towards the village. There may be activity, but not action. Activity is based on an idea, and action is not. Ideas have opposites, and movement within the opposites is mere activity, however prolonged or modified. Activity can never be liberating.

真实不是幻觉的对立面，不是虚假的对立面，如果你试图把它当作一个对立面来对待，它永远不会出现。只有当对立面停止时，真理才会露面。谴责或认同滋养着对立面的冲突，而冲突只会引发进一步的冲突。不带感情色彩地对待一个事实，不满足或辩解，就不会产生冲突。事实本身，是没有对立面的。只有当出现了一种愉快或防御的态度，才有对立面。正是这种态度筑起了不敏感的墙壁，破坏了行动。如果我们更喜欢留在花园里，那么对村庄就产生了抗拒；在有抗拒的地方，无论是在花园里还是对面的村庄，都不可能有任何行动。可能有活动，却没有行动。活动是基于一个观念，而行动不是。观念有对错，无论怎么样去延长或修改，对立面之间的运动，都只是活动。活动，永无自由。

Activity has a past and a future, but action has not. Action is always in the present, and is therefore immediate. Reform is activity, not action, and what is reformed needs further reform. Reformation is inaction, an activity born as an opposite. Action is from moment to moment, and, oddly enough, it has no inherent contradiction; but activity, though it may appear to be without a break, is full of contradiction. The activity of revolution is riddled with contradictions and so can never be liberate. Conflict, choice, can never be a liberating. factor. If there is choice, there is activity and not action; for choice is based on idea. Mind can indulge in activity, but it cannot act. Action springs from quite a different source.

活动有过去和未来，但行动没有。现在，始终在行动，因此是即刻的。改革是活动，不是行动，被改革的东西需要进一步改革。宗教改革是不作为，活动诞生于对立面。行动在每时每刻，奇怪的是，它不存在固有的矛盾；但是活动，虽然看起来没有中断，却充斥着矛盾。革命活动充斥着矛盾，因此永远不可能得解放。冲突，选择，永远不可能是一种解放因子。如果有选择，就有活动，而不是行动；因为选择是基于观念的。头脑可以沉溺于活动，但它无法行动。行动的发源地，是完全不同的源头。