对生活的评注 3-43

THE EASTERN SKY was more splendid than where the sun had set; there were massive clouds, fantastically shaped and seemingly lighted from within by a golden fire. Another mass of clouds was a deep, purplish blue; heavy with threat and darkness it was shot through with flashes of lightning, twisting, sharp and brilliant. Above and beyond there were other weird shapes, incredibly beautiful and aglow with every colour imaginable. But the sun had set in a limpid sky, and towards the west there was a pure orange light. Against this sky, over the tops of the other trees, a single palm was etched, clear, motionless, darkly slender. A few children were playing about, with excitement and pleasure, in a green field. They would soon be going, for it was getting dark; already, from one of the scattered houses, someone was calling, and a child replied in a high-pitched voice. Lights were beginning to appear in the windows, and a strange stillness was creeping over the land. You could feel it coming from afar, passing over and beyond you to the ends of the earth. You sat there completely motionless, your mind going with that stillness, expanding immeasurably without a centre, without a point of recognition or reference. Seated at the edge of that meadow, your body was unmoving, but very much alive. The mind was much more so; in a state of complete silence, it was nevertheless aware of the lightning and the shouting children, of the little noises among the grass and the sounding of a distant horn. It was silent in the depths where thought could not reach it, and that silence was a penetrating bliss – a word that has little meaning except for communication – which went on and on; it was not a movement in terms of time and distance, but it was without an ending. It was strangely massive, yet it could be blown away by a breath.

东方的天际比太阳西下的地方更加灿烂。有巨大的云层，形状奇妙，似乎有金色的火焰从里面照亮。另一团云是深邃的紫蓝色；它充满了威胁和黑暗，它被那扭曲的、锋利而耀眼的闪电击中。它的上面和周围，还有其他奇怪的形状，有令人难以置信的美，那光亮具有可以想象出来的每一种颜色。但太阳已经落在了一片清澈的天空中，向西有一道纯橙色的光。在这片天空的映衬下，高出其他树木的顶部，一棵棕榈树被雕刻，清晰、一动不动、黑暗而细长。几个孩子在一片绿地里嬉戏，兴奋而愉快。他们很快就会回去，因为天快黑了。已经开始了，在一个散落着屋子的居住地，有人在呼叫，一个孩子用高亢的声音回答。窗户上开始出现灯光，一种奇怪的寂静笼罩着这片土地。你可以感觉到它从远处而来，从你身边一直延伸到大地的尽头。你完全静止地坐在那里，你的头脑随着那种静止而前进，在没有中心、没有识别或参照点的情况下不可估量地扩张。坐在那片草地的边缘，你的身体一动不动，但非常的活跃。头脑更是如此；在完全静止的状态下，它还是意识到了闪电和孩子们的喊叫声，意识到了草地上的低语，以及远处的喇叭声。在思想无法触及的深处是灵静的，那种静是一种穿透性的至乐 —— 这个词除了交流之外没有任何意义 —— 它一直走啊走；就时间和距离而言，它不是一个移动，却没有终点。它出奇地大，却可以被一口气吹走。

The path went by a large cemetery, full of naked white slabs, the aftermath of war. It was a green, well-kept garden, enclosed by a hedge and a barbed wire fence with a gate in it. Such gardens exist all over the earth for those who were loved, educated, killed and buried. The path continued on down a slope, where there were some tall old trees, with a small stream wandering among them. Crossing a rickety wooden bridge, you climbed another slope and followed the path out into the open country. It was quite dark now, but you knew your way, for you had been on that path before. The stars were brilliant, but the lightning-bearing clouds were coming nearer. It would still take some time for the storm to break, and by then you would have reached shelter.

这条小路经过一个大墓地，到处都是赤裸的白色石板，这是战争的后果。它是一个绿色的、保存完好的花园，被篱笆和带刺的铁丝网包围，带有一扇门。这样的花园遍布全地，供那些被爱、被教育、被杀害和被埋葬的人使用。小路继续沿着斜坡走下去，那里有一些高大的老树，中间有一条小溪在树丛中蜿蜒。穿过一座摇摇晃晃的木桥，你爬上了另一个斜坡，沿着小路进入开阔的乡村。现在天很黑，但你知道路，因为你以前就走过那条路。星星很明亮，但潜伏着闪电的云层越来越近了。暴风雨仍然需要一些时间才能爆发，那时，你已经到达栖息所了。

“I wonder why I dream so much? I have some kind of dream practically every night. Sometimes my dreams are pleasant, but more often they are unpleasant, even frightening, and when I wake up in the morning I feel exhausted.”

“我想知道为什么我做这么多梦？我几乎每天晚上都有某种梦。有时我的梦是愉快的，但更多时候它们是不愉快的，甚至是恐怖的，当我早上醒来时，我感到筋疲力尽。”

He was a youngish man, obviously worried and anxious. He had a fairly satisfactory job with the government, he explained, with good hopes for the future, and the need to earn a livelihood caused him no concern. He had capacity, and could always get a job. His wife was dead, and he had a small son whom he had left with a sister, for the boy was too full of mischief, he said, to bring him along. He was rather heavily built and slow of speech, with a matter-of-fact air about him.

他是一个年轻人，显然很担忧和焦虑。他解释说，他在政府部门，有一份相当令人满意的工作，对未来抱有美好的希望，谋生的必需品并没有让他感到忧虑。他有能力，总能找到工作。他的妻子死了，他有一个小孩，他把他留在妹妹那里，因为他说，这个男孩太恶作剧了，不能带他一起来。他身材魁梧，说话缓慢，他身上有实事求是的气质。

“I am not much of a reader,” he continued, “though I was good at my studies in college, and graduated with honours. But all that means nothing, except that it got me a promising job – in which I am not greatly interested. A few hours of hard work each day is enough to keep it going, and I have time to spare. I think I am normal, and I could get married again, but I am not strongly attracted to the opposite sex. I like games, and I lead a healthy, vigorous life. My work brings me into contact with some of the prominent politicians, but I am not interested in politics and all the beastly intrigues that go with it, and I deliberately keep out of it. One might climb high through favouritism and corruption, but I keep my job because I am proficient at it, and that’s enough for me. I am telling you all this, not as gossip, but to give you an idea of the milieu I live in. I have a normal amount of ambition, but I am not driven crazy by it. I shall succeed if I don’t fall ill, and if there isn’t too much political wire-pulling. Apart from my work, I have a few good friends, and we often discuss serious things. So now you know more or less the whole picture.”

“我不是一个阅读爱好者，” 他继续说道， “尽管我在大学里学习得很好，并以优异的成绩毕业。但那一切都毫无意义，除了它为我带来了一份有前途的工作 —— 我对此并不感兴趣。每天几个小时的辛勤工作足以应付，我就有了闲暇。我觉得自己很正常，我可以再婚，但我对异性并没有强烈的吸引力。我喜欢游戏，过着健康、充满活力的生活。我的工作使我接触到一些杰出的政治家，但我对政治和随之而来的所有野兽般的阴谋不感兴趣，我故意置身事外。一个人可能会因为偏袒和腐败而爬得更高，但我继续留在了我的职务上，因为我精通它，这对我来说已经足够了。我告诉你这一切，不是闲谈，而是要给你提供我所生活的环境。我有正常的野心，但我并没有被它逼疯。如果我不生病，如果没有太多的政治的幕后操纵，我会继续成功。除了工作，我还有几个好朋友，我们经常讨论严肃的事情。所以现在，你或多或少知道了整个情况。

If one may ask, what is it that you want to talk over? “A friend took me to hear one of your evening talks, and with him I also attended a morning discussion. I was greatly moved by what I heard, and I want to pursue it. But what I am concerned with now is this nightly dreaming. My dreams are very disturbing, even the pleasant ones, and I want to get rid of them; I want to have peaceful nights. What am I to do? Or is this a silly question?”

如果有人可以问，你想谈论是什么？ “一个朋友带我去听你在晚上的一场讲话，也和他一起参加了一个早上的讨论。我被我所听到的所感动，我想追求它。但我现在关心的是晚上的梦。我的梦非常令人不安，即使是令人愉快的梦，我也想摆脱它们；我想度过宁静的夜晚。我该怎么办？还是这是一个愚蠢的问题？”

What do you mean by dreams? “When I am asleep, I have visions of various kinds; a series of pictures or apparitions arise in my mind. One night I may be about to fall over the edge of a precipice, and I wake up with a start; another night I may find myself in a pleasant valley, surrounded by high mountains and with a stream running through it; another night I may be having a terrific argument with my friends, or just missing a train, or playing a first-class game of tennis; or I may suddenly see the dead body of my wife, and so on. My dreams are rarely erotic, but they are often nightmares, full of fear, and sometimes they are fantastically complicated.”

你说的梦是什么意思？ “当我睡着的时候，我有各种各样的景象；一系列的图片或幻影出现在我的头脑中。有一天晚上，我可能即将跌倒在悬崖边上，我马上就醒来了。另一个晚上，我可能会发现自己身处一个宜人的山谷，周围环绕着高山，一条小溪穿过它。另一个晚上，我可能与我的朋友发生了一场激烈的争吵，或者只是错过了一列火车，或者打一场一流的网球比赛；或者我可能会突然看到我妻子的尸体，等等。我的梦很少是色情的，但它们往往是噩梦，充满了恐惧，有时它们异常的繁杂。”

When you are dreaming, does it ever happen that there is an interpretation of it going on almost at the same time? “No, I have never had such an experience; I just dream, and afterwards groan about it. I haven’t read any books on psychology or the interpretation of dreams. I have talked the problem over with some of my friends, but they are not of much help, and I feel rather wary of going to an analyst. Can you tell me why I dream, and what my dreams mean?”

当你在做梦时，有没有发生过这个现象：几乎在同一时刻，产生了对它的解释？ “不，我从来没有这样的经历；我只是做梦，然后抱怨它。我没有读过任何关于心理学或梦的解释的书。我和我的一些朋友讨论过这个问题，但他们没有多大帮助，我对去找分析师感到相当谨慎。你能告诉我，为什么我会做梦，我的梦意味着什么吗？”

Do you want an interpretation of your dreams? Or do you want to understand the complex problem of dreaming? “Isn’t it necessary to interpret one’s dreams?”

你想诠释你的梦吗？还是你想理解‘做梦’这个复杂的问题？ “难道没有必要解释一个人的梦吗？”

There may be no need to dream at all. Surely, you must discover for yourself the truth or the falseness of the whole process which we call dreaming. This discovery is far more important than to have your dreams interpreted, is it not? “Of course. If I could perceive for myself the full significance of dreaming, it should relieve me of this nightly anxiety and unrest. But I have never really thought about these matters, and you will have to be patient with me.”

可能根本不需要做梦。当然，你必须亲自发现这个被我们称之为‘梦’的整个过程的真伪，。这个发现远比解释你的梦更重要，它不是吗？ “当然。如果我能亲眼看到做梦的全部意义，它应该是减轻我在夜里的焦虑和不安。但我从来没有真正考虑过这些事情，你必须对我有耐心。”

We are trying to understand the problem together, so there’s no impatience on either side. We are both taking the journey of exploration, which means that we must both be alert, and not held back by any prejudice or fear which we may uncover as we go along.

我们试图一起理解这个问题，所以双方都没有急躁。我们都在踏上探索之旅，这意味着我们都必须保持警惕，不要被任何偏见或恐惧所困，这些可能会在我们前进的过程中被发现。

Your consciousness is the totality of what you think and feel, and much more. Your purposes and motives, whether hidden or open; your secret desires; the subtlety and cunning of your thought; the obscure urges and compulsions in the depth of your heart – all this is your consciousness. It is your character, your tendencies, your temperament, your fulfilments and frustrations, your hopes and fears. Regardless of whether you believe or disbelieve in God, or in the soul, the Atman, in some super-spiritual entity, the whole process of your thinking is consciousness, is it not?

你的意识是你所想和所感的全部，以及更多。您的意图和动机，无论是隐藏的还是公开的；你秘密的欲望；你思想的微妙和狡黠；你内心深处晦涩的冲动和强迫 —— 所有这些都是你的意识。它是你的性格、你的倾向、你的气质、你的成就和挫折、你的希望和恐惧。无论你信还是不信上帝、灵魂、阿特曼、某个超级灵性实体，你思想的整个过程都是意识，不是吗？

“I haven’t thought about this before, sir, but I can see that my consciousness is made up of all these elements.”

“我以前没有想过这个问题，先生，但我可以看到我的意识是由所有这些元素组成的。”

It is also tradition, knowledge and experience; it is the past in relation to the present, which makes for character; it is the collective, the racial, the totality of man. Consciousness is the whole field of thought, desire, affection and the cultivated virtues, which are not virtue at all; it is envy, acquisitiveness, and so on. Is not all this what we call consciousness? “I may not follow in every detail, but I get the feeling of this totality,” he replied hesitantly.

它也是传统、知识和经验。过去与现在的关系，造就了性格；它是人的集体性的、种族的、整个存在的意识。意识包含了思想、欲望、感情和培养的美德 —— 那根本不是美德 —— 的整个领域；它是嫉妒、占有，等等。这一切不就是我们所说的意识吗？ “我可能没有在每一个细节上理解，但我有这种整体的感觉，” 他犹豫地回答。

Consciousness is something still more: it’s the battleground of contradictory desires, the field of strife, struggle, pain, sorrow, It is also the revolt against this field, which is the search for peace, for goodness, for abiding affection. Self-consciousness arises when there is awareness of conflict and sorrow, and the desire to be rid of them; also when there is awareness of joy, and the desire for more of it. All this is the totality of consciousness; it is a vast process of memory, or the past, using the present as a passage to the future. Consciousness is time – time as both the waking and the sleeping period, the day and the night.

意识有更多的内容：它是矛盾的欲望的战场，是冲突、挣扎、痛苦、悲伤的领域，也是对这个领域的反抗 —— 在里面探索着和平、善良、持永的感情。当意识到冲突和悲伤，并想要摆脱它们时，当有对欢乐的感觉，并想要更多的欢乐的时候，自我意识就产生了。所有这些，就是意识的整体。它是一个巨大的记忆过程，或者说是：‘过去’利用现在，作为通往‘未来’的通道。意识是时间 —— 包含清醒时和睡眠时的时间，白天和黑夜。

“But can one ever be fully aware of this totality of consciousness?”

“但是，一个人能完全意识到这个意识的整体吗？”

Most of us are aware of only a small corner of it, and our lives are spent in that small corner, making a lot of noise in pushing and destroying each other, with a little friendliness and affection thrown in. Of the major part we are unaware, and so there’s the conscious and the unconscious. Actually, of course, there’s no division between the two; it’s only that we give more attention to the one than to the other.

我们大多数人只意识到它的一小部分，我们的生活就在那个小角落里度过，在互相推搡和毁灭时，发出大量的噪音，并投入了一点友好和感情。那主要的部分，我们没有意识到，所以出现了‘意识’和‘无意识’的说法。实际上，当然，两者之间没有区别。那只是因为，对于另一部分来说，我们对这一部分给予了更多的关注。

“That much is quite clear – too clear, in fact. The conscious mind is occupied with a thousand and one things, almost all of them rooted in self-interest.”

“那一点很清楚 —— 事实上太清楚了。有意识的头脑被一千零一件事情所占据，几乎所有这些事情都植根于自我利益。”

But there’s the rest of it, hidden, active, aggressive and much more dynamic than the conscious, workaday mind. This hidden part of the mind is constantly urging, influencing, controlling, but it often fails to communicate its purpose during the waking hours, because the upper layer of the mind is occupied; so it gives hints and intimations during so-called sleep. The superficial mind may revolt against this unseen influence, but it is quietly brought into line again, for the totality of consciousness is concerned with being secure, permanent; and any change is always in the direction of seeking further security, the greater permanency of itself.

但还有其余的部分，它是隐藏的、活跃的、侵略性的，比有意识的、工作日的头脑更有活力。头脑的这个隐藏部分不断地催促、影响、控制，但它经常在清醒的时间里无法传达其意图，因为头脑的上表皮被占据了；因此，在所谓的睡眠期间，它给出了暗示和通知。肤浅的头脑可能会反抗这种看不见的影响，但它又悄悄地带来了一条线索，因为整个意识都关心的是安全、永久；任何的变化，总是朝着寻求进一步安全的方向发展，即它自身更大的持久性。

“I’m afraid I don’t quite understand.”

“恐怕我不太明白。”

After all, the mind wants to be certain in all its relationships, doesn’t it? It wants to be secure in its relationship with ideas and beliefs, as well as in its relationship with people and with property. Haven’t you noticed this? “But isn’t that natural?”

毕竟，头脑想要确定它的所有关系，不是吗？它希望在与观念和信仰的关系中，以及在与人和财产的关系中获得安全。你没有注意到这一点吗？ “但那不是很自然的吗？”

We are educated to think that it’s natural; but is it? Surely, only the mind that’s not clinging to security is free to discover that which is wholly untouched by the past. But the conscious mind starts with this urge to be secure, to be safe, to make itself permanent; and the hidden or neglected part of the mind, the unconscious, is also watchful of its own interests. The conscious mind may be forced by circumstances to reform, to change itself at least outwardly. But the unconscious, being deeply entrenched in the past, is conservative, cautious, aware of the deeper issues and of their more profound outcome; so there’s a conflict between the two parts of the mind. This conflict does produce some kind of change, a modified continuity, with which most of us are concerned; but the real revolution is outside this dualistic field of consciousness.

我们被教育，认为那是自然的；但它是吗？当然，只有这个头脑不依附于安全才能自由地发现那些以前从来没有被碰过的东西。但是，有意识的头脑始于这种想要安全、想被保护、想使自己永久化的渴望；头脑中隐藏或被忽视的部分，即无意识，也留意于它自己的利益。有意识的头脑可能受环境所迫而进行改革，至少在表面上改变了它自己。但是，在无意识中，过去的一切盘根错节，是保守的、谨慎的，意识到更深层次的问题及其更深刻的结果；所以，在头脑的两个部分之间产生了冲突。这种冲突确实产生了某种变化，一种被修改的延续体，它是我们大多数人都关心的；但真正的革命在这两个相互对立的意识领域之外。

“Where do dreams come into all this?”

“梦从何而来？”

We have to understand the totality of consciousness before coming to a particular part of it. The conscious mind, being occupied during its waking hours with daily events and pressures, has no time or opportunity to listen to the deeper part of itself; therefore, when the conscious mind ‘goes to sleep’, that is, when it’s fairly quiet, not to worried, the unconscious can communicate, and this communication takes the form of symbols, visions, scenes. On waking you say, “I have had a dream”, and you try to search out its meaning; but any interpretation of it will be biased, conditioned.

在进入意识的某个部分之前，我们必须理解意识的整体。有意识的头脑，在清醒的时间里被日常事件和压力所占据，没有时间或机会去倾听自身更深层的部分；因此，当有意识的头脑‘入睡’时，也就是说，当它相当安静、不再担心时，无意识可以交流，这种交流采用象征、视觉、场景的形式。醒来后，你说，“我有一个梦”，你试图找出它的含义；但对它的任何解释都带有成见、局限性。

“Aren’t there people who are trained to interpret dreams?”

“难道不是有受过解梦训练的人吗？”

There may be; but if you look to another for the interpretation of your dreams you have the further problem of dependence on authority, which breeds many conflicts and sorrows. “In that case, how am I to interpret them for myself?”

可能有；但是，如果你指望别人来解释你的梦，你就会产生依赖权威的又一个问题，这滋生出许多冲突和悲伤。 “既然那样，我自己该如何解释它们呢？”

Is that the right question? Irrelevant questions can only produce unimportant answers. It’s not a question of how to interpret dreams, but are dreams necessary at all?

那是正确的问题吗？不相关的问题只能产生不重要的答案。它不是一个如何解释梦的问题，而是梦是必要的吗？

“Then how can I put a stop to these dreams of mine?” he insisted.

“那我该如何停止我的这些梦呢？” 他坚持说。

Dreams are a device by which one part of the mind communicates with the other. Isn’t that so? “Yes, that seems fairly obvious, now that I have understood a little better the nature of consciousness.”

梦是一种装置，通过它，头脑的一部分与另一部分进行沟通。难道不是那样吗？ “是的，这似乎很明显，现在我已经更好地理解了意识的本性。”

Cannot this communication go on all the time, during the waking period as well? Isn’t it possible to be aware of your own responses when you are getting into the bus, when you are with your family, when you are talking to your boss in the office, or to your servant at home? Just to be aware of all this – to be aware of the trees and the birds, of the clouds and the children, of your own habits, responses and traditions – is to observe it without judging or comparing; and if you can be so aware, constantly watching, listening, you will find that you do not dream at all. Then your whole mind is intensely active; everything has a meaning, a significance. To such a mind, dreams are unnecessary. You will then discover that in sleep there’s not only complete rest and renewal, but a state which the mind can never touch. It’s not something to be remembered and returned to; it’s entirely inconceivable, a total renewal which cannot be formulated.

难道这种交流不能一直持续下去吗，即便在清醒的时候？当你赶公交车的时候，当你和家人在一起时，当你在办公室里和你的老板说话，或者在家里和你的仆人说话的时候，难道不可以意识到你自己的反应吗？只是意识这一切 —— 意识到树木和鸟类，意识到云朵和孩童，意识到你自己的习惯、反应和传统 —— 就是观察它，而不带评判或比较；如果你能这样地意识，不断地观察、倾听，你会发现你根本不做梦。那么你的整个头脑都非常活跃；一切都有意义，有重要性。对于这样的头脑来说，梦是不必要的。然后你会发现，在那睡眠中，不仅有完全的休息和更新，而且有一种头脑永远无法触及的状态。它不是一件值得记住和回想的东西。它是完全不可思议的、一个无法描绘的完全的更新。