Commentaries On Living 对生活的评注

IT HAD STOPPED raining; the roads were clean, and the dust had been washed from the trees. The earth was refreshed, and the frogs were loud in the pond; they were big, and their throats were swollen with pleasure. The grass was sparkling with tiny drops of water, and there was peace in the land after the heavy downpour. The cattle were soaking wet, but during the rain they never took shelter, and now they were contentedly grazing. Some boys were playing in the little stream that the rain had made by the road side; they were naked, and it was good to see their shining bodies and their bright eyes. They were having the time of their life, and how happy they were! Nothing else mattered, and they smiled out of joy as one said something to them, though they didn’t understand a word. The sun was coming out and the shadows were deep.

雨已经停了。 道路干净,树上的灰尘已经洗净。 大地焕然一新,青蛙在池塘里发出响亮的声音。 他们很大,他们的喉咙因快乐而胀鼓。 草地上闪耀着一小滴水,大雨过后,这片土地上出现了和平。 那头牛被淋湿透了, 但在下雨中,它们从未躲藏,现在它们满足地吃草。 一些男孩在路旁因雨水而形成的小溪里玩耍; 他们光着身子,很高兴看见他们闪亮的身体和明亮的眼睛。 他们度过了他们生命中的时光,他们多么的快乐! 其他事情都无关紧要,当一个人对他们说些什么时,他们高兴地笑了, 尽管他们一个字都听不懂。 太阳出来了,阴影很深。

How necessary it is for the mind to purge itself of all thought, to be constantly empty, not made empty, but simply empty; to die to all thought, to all of yesterday’s memories, and to the coming hour! It is simple to die, and it is hard to continue; for continuity is effort to be or not to be. Effort is desire, and desire can die only when the mind ceases to acquire. How simple it is just to live! But it is not stagnation. There is great happiness in not wanting, in not being something, in not going somewhere. When the mind purges itself of all thought, only then is there the silence of creation. The mind is not tranquil as long as it is travelling in order to arrive. For the mind, to arrive is to succeed, and success is ever the same, whether at the beginning or at the end. There is no purgation of the mind if it is weaving the pattern of its own becoming.

头脑是多么有必要清洗掉自身所有的念头, 不断地清空,不是制造空虚,而是纯粹的空无; 葬送一切思想,死于所有昨天的记忆,在即将到来的一小时里! 死是简单的,延续却很艰难;因为延续是努力成为或不成为。 努力即是欲望,只有当头脑不再获取时,欲望才会消亡。 生活是多么简单!但它不是停滞不前。 在不想要、不是、不去某个地方的时候,有很大的快乐。 当头脑清除自己所有的想法时,只有这样,创造的宁静才会存在。 只要头脑为了到达而奔走,它就不平静。 对于头脑来说,抵达就是成功, 而成功是永远不变的,无论是在开始还是在结束时。 如果头脑在编织自己想要的样式,那么它就不干净。

She said she had always been active in one way or another, either with her children, or in social affairs, or in sports; but behind this activity there was always boredom, pressing and constant. She was bored with the routine of life, with pleasure, pain, flattery, and everything else. Boredom was like a cloud that had hung over her life for as long as she could remember. She had tried to escape from it, but every new interest soon became a further boredom, a deadly weariness. She had read a great deal, and had had the usual turmoils of family life, but through it all there was this weary boredom. It had nothing to do with her health, for she was very well.

她说,她一直以这样或那样的方式活跃, 要么和她的孩子在一起,要么在社会事务中,要么在体育运动中。 但是在这种活动的背后,总是有无聊、紧张和持续性。 她厌倦了生命的常规,快乐、痛苦、奉承和其他一切。 无聊就像一朵乌云,从她有记忆的时候,就一直笼罩着她的生活。 她曾试图逃避它, 但每一个新的兴趣很快就变成了一种无聊,一种致命的疲惫。 她读了很多书,也经历过家庭生活通常的动荡, 但经历了这一切,总有一种疲惫的无聊。 这与她的健康无关,因为她很好。

Why do you think you get bored? Is it the outcome of some frustration, of some fundamental desire which has been thwarted? “Not especially. There have been some superficial obstructions, but they have never bothered me; or when they have, I have met them fairly intelligently and have never been stumped by them. I don’t think my trouble is frustration, for I have always been able to get what I want. I haven’t cried for the moon, and have been sensible in my demands; but there has nevertheless been this sense of boredom with everything, with my family and with my work.”

你为什么感到无聊? 它是某种挫折的结果,某种受挫的基本的欲望的结果吗? “应该不是吧。 有一些肤浅的障碍,但它们从未困扰过我; 或者当他们出现时,我相当聪明地应对了他们,从来没有被他们绊倒过。 我不认为我的麻烦是挫折,因为我一直能够得到我想要的。 我没有为月亮哭泣,在我的要求中一直很理智; 但是,对于一切,对我的家人和我的工作, 我仍然有这种无聊感。”

What do you mean by boredom? Do you mean dissatisfaction? Is it that nothing has given you complete satisfaction? “It isn’t quite that. I am as dissatisfied as any normal person, but I have been able to reconcile myself to the inevitable dissatisfactions.”

你说的无聊是什么意思? 你的意思是不满意吗?是没有任何一个东西能给你带来完全的满意吗? “事实并非如此。我和任何正常人一样不满意, 但我能够让自己与那些不可避免的不满和解。”

What are you interested in? Is there any deep interest in your life? “Not especially. If I had a deep interest I would never be bored. I am naturally an enthusiastic person, I assure you, and if I had an interest I wouldn’t easily let it go. I have had many intermittent interests, but they have all led in the end to this cloud of boredom.”

您对什么感兴趣? 在你的生命中,有什么浓厚的兴趣吗? “不是特别的。如果我有浓厚的兴趣,我永远不会感到无聊。 我天生就是一个热情的人,我向你保证,如果我有兴趣,我不会轻易放手。 我有过许多间歇性的兴趣, 但它们最终都走向了这种无聊的阴云。”

What do you mean by interest? Why is there this change from interest to boredom? What does interest mean? You are interested in that which pleases you, gratifies you, are you not? Is not interest a process of acquisitiveness? You would not be interested in anything if you did not get something out of it, would you? There is sustained interest as long as you are acquiring; acquisition is interest, is it not? You have tried to gain satisfaction from every thing you have come in contact with; and when you have thoroughly used it, naturally you get bored with it. Every acquisition is a form of boredom, weariness. We want a change of toys; as soon as we lose interest in one, we turn to another, and there is always a new toy to turn to. We turn to something in order to acquire; there is acquisition in pleasure, in knowledge, in fame, in power, in efficiency, in having a family, and so on. When there is nothing further to acquire in one religion, in one saviour, we lose interest and turn to another. Some go to sleep in an organization and never wake up, and those who do wake up put them selves to sleep again by joining another. This acquisitive movement is called expansion of thought, progress.

你说的兴趣是什么意思? 为什么会有这种从兴趣到无聊的变化?兴趣是什么意思? 你对那些让你高兴、让你满意的事情感兴趣,不是吗? 兴趣不是一个抓取的过程吗? 如果你没有从中得到某些东西,你就不会对任何事情感兴趣,对吧? 只要您在获取,就有持续的兴趣;收获即是兴趣,不是吗? 你试图从你接触到的每一件事中收获满意; 当你彻底使用它时,你自然会厌倦它。 每一次的收获都是一种无聊、疲惫的形式。我们想要更换玩具; 一旦我们对一个玩具失去兴趣,我们就会转向另一个,总会有一个新的玩具可以求助。 我们转向某个事物,是为了抓取; 在快乐、知识、名声、权力、效率、拥有家庭等等中 都可以抓取。 当在某个宗教中,在一个救世主身上没有进一步的东西可以获取时,我们就会失去兴趣,转向另一个宗教。 有些人在一个组织中睡觉,从不醒来, 而那些醒来的人通过加入另一个组织,让他们自己再次入睡。 这种抓取的运动,被称为思想的扩张和进步。

“Is interest always acquisition?”

“兴趣总是抓获吗?”

Actually, are you interested in anything which doesn’t give you something, whether it be a play, a game, a conversation, a book, or a person? If a painting doesn’t give you something, you pass it by; if a person doesn’t stimulate or disturb you in some way, if there is no pleasure or pain in a particular relationship, you lose interest, you get bored. Haven’t you noticed this? “Yes, but I have never before looked at it in this way.”

实际上,你对任何不能给你带来收获的东西感兴趣吗, 无论它是戏剧、游戏、对话、书,还是一个人? 如果一幅画没有给你某些东西,你就把它转给别人; 如果一个人没有以某种方式刺激或打扰你, 如果在一段特定的关系中没有快乐或痛苦, 你就会失去兴趣,你会感到无聊。你没有注意到这一点吗? “是的,但我以前从未以这种方式去看它。”

You wouldn’t have come here if you didn’t want something. You want to be free of boredom. As I cannot give you that freedom, you will get bored again; but if we can together understand the process of acquisition, of interest, of boredom, then perhaps there will be freedom. Freedom cannot be acquired. If you acquire it, you will soon be bored with it. Does not acquisition dull the mind? Acquisition, positive or negative, is a burden. As soon as you acquire you lose interest. In trying to possess, you are alert, interested; but possession is boredom. You may want to possess more, but the pursuit of more is only a movement towards boredom. You try various forms of acquisition, and as long as there is the effort to acquire, there is interest; but there is always an end to acquisition, and so there is always boredom. Isn’t this what has been happening?

如果你什么都不想要,你就不会来这里。 你想摆脱无聊。由于我不能给你这种自由,你会再次感到无聊。 但是,如果我们能够共同理解抓取、兴趣、无聊的过程, 那么也许会有自由。 自由是无法获得的。如果你获得它,你很快就会厌倦它。 抓取不会使头脑变得迟钝吗?捕获之物,无论是积极的还是消极的,都是一种负担。 一旦你获得,你就失去了兴趣。在试图占有时,你是警觉的,充满兴趣的; 但占有物是无聊的。你可能想拥有更多, 但追求更多,只是一种走向无聊的运动。 你尝试各种形式的捕获, 只要有抓捕的努力,就有兴趣; 但捕猎总有终点,所以总是有无聊。 这难道不是一直在发生的事情吗?

“I suppose it is, but I haven’t grasped the full significance of it.”

“我想是的,但我还没有掌握它的全部意义。”

That will come presently.

那会在当前遇到。

Possessions make the mind weary. Acquisition, whether of knowledge, of property, of virtue, makes for insensitivity. The nature of the mind is to acquire, to absorb, is it not? Or rather, the pattern it has created for itself is one of gathering in; and in that very activity the mind is preparing its own weariness, boredom. Interest, curiosity, is the beginning of acquisition, which soon becomes boredom; and the urge to be free from boredom is another form of possession. So the mind goes from boredom to interest to boredom again, till it is utterly weary; and these successive waves of interest and weariness are regarded as existence.

捕获之物,使头脑厌倦。 猎物,无论是知识、财产、美德,都会导致不敏感。 头脑的本质是获取,吸收,不是吗? 或者更确切地说,它为自己创造的模式是一种聚敛的模式; 在这种活动中,头脑正在预备着自己的疲倦、无聊。 兴趣,好奇心,是捕猎的开始,很快就会变成无聊; 从无聊中解脱出来的冲动是另一种形式的猎物。 因此,头脑从无聊到兴趣再到无聊,直到它完全的疲惫; 而这些连续的兴趣和厌倦的浪潮,被视为存在。

“But how is one to be free from acquiring without further acquisition?”

“但是,一个人如何才能在没有进一步猎取的情况下摆脱聚敛呢?”

Only by allowing the truth of the whole process of acquisition to be experienced, and not by trying to be non-acquisitive, detached. To be non-acquisitive is another form of acquisition which soon becomes wearisome. The difficulty, if one may use that word, lies, not in the verbal understanding of what has been said, but in experiencing the false as the false. To see the truth in the false is the beginning of wisdom. The difficulty is for the mind to be still; for the mind is always worried, it is always after something, acquiring or denying, searching and finding. The mind is never still, it is in continuous movement. The past, over shadowing the present, makes its own future. It is a movement in time, and there is hardly ever an interval between thoughts. One thought follows another without a pause; the mind is ever making itself sharp and so wearing itself out. If a pencil is being sharpened all the time, soon there will be nothing left of it; similarly, the mind uses itself constantly and is exhausted. The mind is always afraid of coming to an end. But, living is ending from day to day; it is the dying to all acquisition, to memories, to experiences, to the past. How can there be living if there is experience? Experience is knowledge, memory; and is memory the state of experiencing? In the state of experiencing, is there memory as the experiencer? The purgation of the mind is having, is creation. Beauty is in experiencing, not in experience; for experience is ever of the past, and the past is not the experiencing, it is not the living. The purgation of the mind is tranquillity of heart.

只有通过允许整个获取过程的真相被体验, 而不是去尝试不获取,超然。 不抓捕是另一种形式的抓捕,很快就会变得令人厌倦。 这个困难,如果一个人可以使用这个词的话, 不在于对所说内容的言语上的理解, 而是体验虚假即虚假。 在虚假中看到真理,是智慧的开始。 困难在于头脑的停摆; 因为头脑总在忧虑, 它总是追求某个东西,抓获或否定,搜索和寻找。 头脑永远不安宁,它处于持续的移动中。 过去,投射出阴影,笼罩着现在,成就了它自己的未来。 这是一种时间的移动,想法之间几乎没有间隙。 一个想法接着另一个想法,没有停顿; 头脑永远会使自己变得敏锐,因此搞得疲惫不堪。 如果一支铅笔一直在磨削,很快就什么都没有了; 同样,头脑不断地使用自己,并且已经筋疲力尽。 头脑总是害怕走向终结。 但是,生活即是每一天的死亡; 所有的获取、记忆、体验、过去走向死亡。 如果有体验,怎么会有生活?体验是知识,记忆; 回忆是体验的状态吗? 在体验之中,体验者会回忆吗? 头脑的净化是现在进行时,是创造。 美在体验的状态之中,而不在体验之内; 因为体验永远是过去的, 过去无法体验,它不是活的。 头脑的净化即是心灵的安宁。